Linux Keyboard Shortcuts and Terminal Commands

Hotkeys: System / Navigation

Linux Keyboard Shortcuts	macOS Keyboard Shortcuts	Title	Description
`Win`	`⌘Cmd` + `Spacebar`	Open the system menu	Open the main menu (Activities / Launcher)
`Alt` + `⇥Tab`	`⌘Cmd` + `⇥Tab`	Switch windows	Switch between running applications
`Alt` + `F4`	`⌘Cmd` + `Q`	Close window	Closes the active window
`Ctrl` + `Alt` + `L`	`⌘Cmd` + `Ctrl` + `Q`	Lock Screen	Locks the current session
`Prt sc`	`⌘Cmd` + `⇧Shift` + `3`	Screenshot	Entire Screenshot
`⇧Shift` + `Prt sc`	`⌘Cmd` + `⇧Shift` + `4`	Screenshot of an area	Select a screen area
`Ctrl` + `Alt` + `T`	`⌘Cmd` + `Space` → terminal	Open terminal	Launch terminal

Keyboard shortcuts: Workspaces

Linux Keyboard Shortcuts	macOS Keyboard Shortcuts	Name	Description
`Ctrl` + `Alt` + `↑Up` / `↓Down`	`Ctrl` + `↑Up` / `↓Down`	Change workspace	Switch desktops
`Ctrl` + `Alt` + `⇧Shift` + `↑Up` / `↓Down`	—	Move window	Move Windows between workspaces

Keyboard Shortcuts: Terminal (Bash / Zsh)

Linux Keypad Shortcuts	macOS Keypad Shortcuts	Name	Description
Managing Processes in Terminal
`Ctrl` + `C`	`Ctrl` + `C`	Abort the process	Send SIGINT to the current process
`Ctrl` + `Z`	`Ctrl` + `Z`	Suspend the process	Send SIGTSTP (background)
`Ctrl` + `D`	`Ctrl` + `D`	EOF / Exit	Close stdin or exit the shell
Edit line
`Ctrl` + `L`	`Ctrl` + `L`	Clear screen	Similar to clear
`Ctrl` + `A`	`Ctrl` + `A`	Go to the beginning of the line	Move the cursor
`Ctrl` + `E`	`Ctrl` + `E`	Go to the end of the line	Move the cursor
`Ctrl` + `U`	`Ctrl` + `U`	Delete to beginning	Deletes text before the cursor
`Ctrl` + `K`	`Ctrl` + `K`	Delete to end	Deletes text after the cursor
`Ctrl` + `W`	`Ctrl` + `W`	Delete word	Delete the previous word
History and Autocompletion
`Ctrl` + `R`	`Ctrl` + `R`	Search History	Interactive Command Search
`Ctrl` + `⇧Shift` + `⇥Tab`	—	Backtab	Reverse completion
`Ctrl` + `⇧Shift` + `↑Up` / `↓Down`	`⇧Shift` + `⇥Tab`	History	Navigating command history
`⇥Tab`	`⇥Tab`	Autocompletion	Autocomplete commands and paths

Keyboard Shortcuts: Terminal (Tabs / Windows)

Linux Keyboard Shortcuts	macOS Keyboard Shortcuts	Name	Description
`Ctrl` + `⇧Shift` + `T`	`⌘Cmd` + `T`	New Tab	Open a new Terminal tab
`Ctrl` + `⇧Shift` + `W`	`⌘Cmd` + `W`	Close tab	Closes tab
`Ctrl` + `⇧Shift` + `C`	`⌘Cmd` + `C`	Copy	Copy from Terminal
`Ctrl` + `⇧Shift` + `V`	`⌘Cmd` + `V`	Paste	Paste into Terminal

Keyboard Shortcuts: Processes / Management

Linux Keyboard Shortcuts	macOS Keyboard Shortcuts	Name	Description
`Ctrl` + `Alt` + `Esc`	—	Force kill GUI	Quit frozen window (xkill)
`Ctrl` + `Alt` + `F1`–`F6`	—	TTY	Switch to virtual consoles

Commands: File System

Command	Name	Description
ls -la	File List	Show all files with details
cd /var/www	Change directory	Go to directory
pwd	Current directory	Show current path
mkdir project	Create folder	Create directory
rm -rf dir	Delete	Delete files/directories
cp -r src dst	Copy	Copy files/folders
mv file.txt new.txt	Move	Move or rename

Commands: Permissions

Command	Name	Description
chmod 755 script.sh	Change permissions	Assign access permissions
chown user:user file	Change owner	Change file owner

Commands: Processes

Command	Name	Description
ps aux	Process List	Show All Processes
top	Monitoring	View Processes in Real Time
htop	Enhanced Monitoring	Interactive Process Monitor
kill -9 1234	End Process	Force Termination

Commands: Network

Command	Name	Description
ip a	IP information	Show network interfaces
ping google.com	Ping	Connection test
curl https://api.example.com	HTTP Request	API Request
wget https://file.com/file.zip	Download File	Uploading File

Commands: Search / Filter

Command	Name	Description
grep "error" file.log	Search for text	Search for a string in a file
find . -name "*.js"	Search for files	Search by name
cat file.txt	View file	Display contents
tail -f app.log	Logs	View Real-time logs

Commands: Packages (apt)

Command	Name	Description
sudo apt update	Update	Update package list
sudo apt upgrade	Update packages	Install updates
sudo apt install nginx	Installing	Installing a package
sudo apt remove nginx	Removing	Removing a package

Commands: DevOps / Docker / Git

Command	Name	Description
DevOps and VCS
git clone https://repo.git	Git clone	Clone repository
git pull	Git pull	Repository update
Docker
docker ps	Docker list	List of containers
docker compose up -d	Docker compose	Start services

Commands: System

Command	Name	Description
uname -a	System Information	Kernel Data
df -h	Disk	Disk Usage
free -h	Memory	RAM Usage
reboot	Reboot	Restart the system